George Pemba was born in 1912, in Port Elizabeth. He spent his childhood studying at a mission school. After schooling, Pemba enrolled at a Training College to become a teacher. During this period, he received training in painting from E Smythe who was a teacher of art at the University College of Fort Hare. Pemba completed his teacher’s training in 1934 and the next year, he found a job as a teacher at a school in King Williams Town. Pemba’s father’s death in 1928 left the family into financial constraints and Pemba had to work extra hours doing painting assignments to support his mother and siblings.Pemba was impressed and inspired by the works of painters like Rembrandt and Velasquez. Being black, it was difficult for Pemba to further enhance his skills in painting. But, to his luck, in 1937, Bantu Welfare Trust helped Pemba to train under Austin Moore. Winning the Bedford Art Competition of that year was a great boon to his career and helped Pemba to establish himself as a rising star.Pemba resigned in 1938 as a teacher to pursue a career in art. Pemba was concentrating in water colour when he met his contemporary artist Gerard Sekoto. Taking advice from Sekoto, Pemba switched to oil painting since they were more profitable. Also, he changed the subject from portraits to landscape and town life. Lack of financial freedom curtailed his wish to travel to Europe but with a grant from the Bantu Welfare Trust, he was able to Travel through South Africa. During these travels, he made several sketches absorbing the sights and colours of the country. In 1948, Pemba conducted his first solo exhibition in Port Elizabeth. But his paintings did not provide him with much income and he opened a small general dealer’s store.Pemba’s work witnessed a change in the fifties, during the time apartheid was at its peak. He drew sketches which reflected the social injustice happening in his country. Due the social situation in South Africa, Pemba’s career was slowed down in the fifties and the sixties and he struggled with alcoholism. Also, Pemba had the additional responsibility of taking care of his brother’s family too. After years of struggle, he finally managed to overcome alcoholism and painted continuously. In 1979, Fort Hare University gave him honorary Master of Arts degree. During this period, he painted the life and customs of the Xhosa people. By the 1980s Pemba became the most renowned black artist in South Africa. In 1991 and 1992 he conducted two very successful shows in Johannesburg.1991 saw the South African National Art Gallery conducting a retrospective exhibition featuring George Pemba’s work. George Pemba, unlike several of his contemporaries, did not have an easy life. First, it was difficult for him to rise up as an artist since he was black and then he had to go through the period of apartheid without a sustainable income. He struggled financially had his own personal demons to fight. Even still, he managed to work and produce notable art during his career spanning six decades. He died in the year 2001. After his death, he was awarded the Order of Ikhamanga.